Movement-evoked pain versus pain at rest in postsurgical clinical trials, and, in meta-analyses: An updated systematic review.

This updated review demonstrates a persistent limited proportion of trials including MEP as a pain outcome, a substantial proportion of trials failing to distinguish between PAR and MEP, and a lack of consistency in the use of pain-evoking maneuvers for MEP assessment. Future postsurgical trials need to: a) use common terminology surrounding PAR and MEP; b) assess MEP in virtually every trial if not contraindicated; and c) standardize MEP assessment with common, procedure-specific pain-evoking maneuvers. More widespread knowledge translation and mobilization is required in order to disseminate this message to current and future investigators.