Enhanced triboelectric properties of Eu 2 O 3 -doped BaTiO 3 /PVDF-HFP nanofibers.

Because triboelectric nanogenerators (TENGs) convert mechanical energy into electricity, they are sustainable energy sources for powering a diverse range of intelligent sensing and monitoring devices. To enhance the electrical output of polymer-based TENGs, nanofillers are commonly incorporated into polymers. In this study, we developed a simple low-temperature process for preparing high-performance ceramic powder-based TENGs comprising electrospun fibrous surfaces based on poly(vinylidene difluoride- co -hexafluoropropylene) (PVDF-HFP) and dispersed Eu 2 O 3 -doped BaTiO 3 nanofillers. Herein, we discuss the effect of the modified dielectric properties and transferred charge of the electrification film on the performance of the TENGs. After incorporating the Eu 2 O 3 -doped BaTiO 3 nanofiller, the maximum output voltage of the 10 wt% Eu 2 O 3 -BaTiO 3 /PVDF-HFP electrospun-nanofiber TENG reached as high as 1004 V with a corresponding current density of 9.9 μA cm -2 . The enhancement in the triboelectric properties of the Eu 2 O 3 -BaTiO 3 /PVDF-HFP electrospun-nanofiber TENGs was due to their high amounts of interface polarization and transferred charge, suggesting improved capture and storage of triboelectric electrons. These Eu 2 O 3 -BaTiO 3 /PVDF-HFP electrospun-nanofiber TENGs could harvest mechanical energy and power electronic devices; they were robust and not affected by the operating temperature or humidity. Furthermore, we used a fabricated device as a sensor for application as a light-emitting diode dimmer switch and for the tracking of leg movement.