Skin anti-inflammatory activity of rose petal extract (Rosa gallica) through reduction of MAPK signaling pathway.

The aim of this study was to investigate the skin anti-inflammatory activity of rose petal extract (RPE) and the mechanisms underlying this phenomenon. Recently, flowers have been considered as dietary resources owing to their biological activities, such as inhibition of nephritis and hemorrhoids. The Rosa plant exerts various biological functions, including antioxidant and anti-microbiological activities. Herein, we confirmed the skin anti-inflammatory activity of RPE upon solar UV (sUV) exposure. RPE reduced sUV-induced COX-2 expression as well as expressions of several cytokines. Activation of MKK4-JNK, MEK-ERK, and MKK3-p38 signaling pathways, which are associated with cytokine production, was also attenuated by RPE treatment. We hypothesized these RPE-induced changes are because of its antioxidant activity, because RPE displayed drastic radical scavenging and oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC). Furthermore, high anthocyanins, polyphenols, and flavonoids contents were found in RPE. Hence, these results indicated the skin anti-inflammatory activity of RPE is because of antioxidant activity.