Ruthenium-based assemblies incorporating tetrapyridylporphyrin panels: a photosensitizer delivery strategy for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis by photodynamic therapy.
Manuel Gallardo-VillagránLucie PaulusJean-Louis CharissouxDavid Yannick LegerPascale Vergne-SalleBruno TherrienBertrand LiagrePublished in: Dalton transactions (Cambridge, England : 2003) (2022)
Ruthenium-based assemblies containing tetrapyridylporphyrins (TPyP) in their structure have been evaluated as photosensitizers (PS) to treat rheumatoid arthritis (RA) by photodynamic therapy (PDT). TPyP is useless by itself as a PS due to its low solubility in biological media, however, incorporated in metallacages it can be internalized in cells. The study shows a cellular antiproliferative activity in fibroblast-like synoviocyte (FLS) in the lower nanomolar range in the presence of light, and no dark toxicity at 1 μM concentration, thus having an excellent photoactivity index. The presence of diamagnetic (Zn 2+ ) and paramagnetic (Co 2+ ) metals in the center of TPyP impairs the effectiveness of PDT, showing no (Co) or reduced (Zn) photoactivity. A total of five metallacages with different structural characteristics have been evaluated, and our results suggest that the incorporation of PS in metalla-assemblies is not only an elegant method to increase solubility in biological media for TPyP but also appears to be an efficient hybrid system to treat RA by PDT.
Keyphrases
- photodynamic therapy
- rheumatoid arthritis
- disease activity
- fluorescence imaging
- ankylosing spondylitis
- induced apoptosis
- interstitial lung disease
- heavy metals
- randomized controlled trial
- systematic review
- systemic lupus erythematosus
- cell cycle arrest
- health risk
- health risk assessment
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- human health
- signaling pathway
- drinking water
- combination therapy
- risk assessment
- cell proliferation
- idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis