Scramblases and virus infection.
Dan TangYichang WangXiuju DongYiqiong YuanFanchen KangWeidong TianKunjie WangHong LiShiqian QiPublished in: BioEssays : news and reviews in molecular, cellular and developmental biology (2022)
The asymmetric distribution of lipids, maintained by flippases/floppases and scramblases, plays a pivotal role in various physiologic processes. Scramblases are proteins that move phospholipids between the leaflets of the lipid bilayer of the cellular membrane in an energy-independent manner. Recent studies have indicated that viral infection is closely related to cellular lipid distribution. The level and distribution of phosphatidylserine (PtdSer) in cells have been demonstrated to be critical regulators of viral infections. Previous studies have supported that the infection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), Zika virus, Ebola virus (EBOV), influenza virus, and dengue fever virus require the externalization of phospholipids mediated by scramblases, which are also involved in the pathogenicity of the pandemic severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). In this review, we review the relationship of scramblases with viruses and the potential viral effector proteins that might utilize host scramblases.
Keyphrases
- sars cov
- zika virus
- human immunodeficiency virus
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- antiretroviral therapy
- fatty acid
- hepatitis c virus
- dengue virus
- hiv infected
- aedes aegypti
- hiv positive
- coronavirus disease
- induced apoptosis
- hiv aids
- case control
- transcription factor
- south africa
- cell death
- oxidative stress
- climate change
- immune response
- signaling pathway
- cystic fibrosis
- pseudomonas aeruginosa
- biofilm formation