Herb Extracellular Vesicle-Chitosan-PEGylated Graphene Oxide Conjugate Delivers Estrogen Receptor α Targeting siRNA to Breast Cancer Cells.
Saroj SarojPoornima UsSachin PatilDebashish PaulSunita SahaAkbar AliSuchetan PalBimlesh LochabTatini RakshitPublished in: ACS applied bio materials (2024)
Herb-based extracellular vesicles (EV), inherently replete with bioactive proteins, RNA, lipids, and other medicinal compounds, are noncytotoxic and uniquely capable of cellular delivery to meet the ever-stringent challenges of ongoing clinical applications. EVs are abundant in nature, affordable, and scalable, but they are also incredibly fragile and stuffed with many biomolecules. To address the low drug binding abilities and poor stability of EVs, we demonstrated herb-based EVs (isolated from neem, mint, and curry leaves) conjugated with chitosan (CS) and PEGylated graphene oxide (GP) that led to their transformation into robust and efficient vectors. The designed conjugates successfully delivered estrogen receptor α (ERα1)-targeting siRNA to breast cancer MCF7 cells. Our data revealed that neem-based EV-CS-GP conjugates were most efficient in cellular siRNA delivery, which could be attributed to hyaluronic acid-mediated recognition of neem EVs by MCF7 cells via CD44 receptors. Our approach shows a futuristic direction in designing clinically viable, sustainable, nontoxic EV-based vehicles that can deliver a variety of functional siRNA cargos.
Keyphrases
- estrogen receptor
- hyaluronic acid
- cancer therapy
- breast cancer cells
- drug delivery
- induced apoptosis
- cell cycle arrest
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- photodynamic therapy
- oxidative stress
- wound healing
- cell proliferation
- young adults
- deep learning
- machine learning
- electronic health record
- emergency department
- binding protein
- fatty acid
- big data
- signaling pathway
- recombinant human