Effectiveness of multiple disease-modifying therapies in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: causal inference to emulate a multiarm randomised trial.
Ibrahima DioufCharles B MalpasSifat SharminIzanne RoosDana HorakovaEva Kubala HavrdovaFrancesco PattiVahid ShaygannejadSerkan OzakbasSara EichauMarco OnofrjAlessandra LugaresiRaed AlroughaniAlexandre PratPierre DuquetteMurat TerziCavit BozFrancois Grand'MaisonPatrizia SolaDiana FerraroPierre GrammondBassem YamoutAyse AltintasOliver GerlachJeannette Lechner-ScottRoberto BergamaschiRana KarabudakGerardo IulianoChristopher McGuiganElisabetta CartechiniStella HughesMaria Jose SaClaudio Marcello SolaroLudwig KapposSuzanne HodgkinsonMark SleeFranco GranellaKoen de GansPamela A McCombeRadek AmpapaAnneke Van Der WaltHelmut ButzkuevenJosé Luis Sánchez-MenoyoSteve VucicGuy LaureysYoussef SidhomRiadh GoudierTamara Castillo TriviñoOrla GrayEduardo Aguera-MoralesAbdullah Al-AsmiCameron ShawTalal M Al-HarbiTunde CsepanyAngel P SempereIrene Treviño FrenkElizabeth A StuartTomas KalincikPublished in: Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry (2023)
The effectiveness of natalizumab and fingolimod in active RRMS is superior to dimethyl fumarate, teriflunomide, glatiramer acetate and interferon beta. This study demonstrates the utility of MSM in emulating trials to compare clinical effectiveness among multiple interventions simultaneously.