Promising phase II biologics for future Crohn's disease therapy.

Among the most promising biologics are interleukin (IL)-23p19 inhibitors (guselkumab, mirikizumab, and brazikumab), IL-6 inhibitors, and anti-adhesion molecules (ontamalimab). Furthermore, multiple biologics with different mechanisms of action are in clinical development for moderate-to-severe CD including molecules with anti-fibrotic mechanism of action (anti-TL1A, anti-IL-36 receptor). In addition to efficacy, some of them provide reassuring safety profiles. Phase III trials need to confirm these results, especially on their long-term safety issues.