Non-obstructive Plaque and Treatment of INOCA: More to Be Learned.
Lina Ya'QoubAkram Y ElgendyCarl J PepinePublished in: Current atherosclerosis reports (2022)
While there is scarce scientific evidence on management of INOCA, the CorMicA trial showed that stratified medical therapy based on the type of INOCA improved patients' symptoms and quality of life. There are multiple ongoing trials, including Women's IschemiA Trial to Reduce Events in Non-ObstRuctIve CORonary Artery Disease (WARRIOR trial), assessing the benefit of intensive medical therapy versus usual care for this increasingly recognized clinical entity. In this review, we discuss the definition of INOCA, epidemiology and risk factors, pathophysiology, and management as well as the current knowledge gaps and ongoing clinical trials in this arena.
Keyphrases
- clinical trial
- healthcare
- phase iii
- coronary artery disease
- phase ii
- risk factors
- study protocol
- end stage renal disease
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- open label
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- randomized controlled trial
- cardiovascular disease
- cardiovascular events
- peritoneal dialysis
- adipose tissue
- palliative care
- stem cells
- quality improvement
- prognostic factors
- patient reported outcomes
- heart failure
- depressive symptoms
- metabolic syndrome
- bone marrow
- mesenchymal stem cells
- coronary artery bypass grafting
- insulin resistance
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- pregnant women
- chronic pain