Curcumin and fisetin internalization into Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells via osmoporation: impact of multiple osmotic treatments on the process efficiency.

For the first time in the literature, a protocol of serial osmoporation stages to enhance the encapsulation efficiency of hydrophobic low molecular weight molecules (curcumin and fisetin) into Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells was determined. By increasing overall efficiency, this protocol empowers the encapsulation process and creates a rational way to reduce waste for future industrial osmoporation applications.