microRNA expression in acute myeloid leukaemia: New targets for therapy?
Daniel FletcherElliott BrownJulliah JavadalaPinar Uysal-OnganerBarbara-Ann GuinnPublished in: EJHaem (2022)
Recent studies have shown that short non-coding RNAs, known as microRNAs (miRNAs) and their dysregulation, are implicated in the pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML). This is due to their role in the control of gene expression in a variety of molecular pathways. Therapies involving miRNA suppression and replacement have been developed. The normalisation of expression and the subsequent impact on AML cells have been investigated for some miRNAs, demonstrating their potential to act as therapeutic targets. Focussing on miRs with therapeutic potential, we have reviewed those that have a significant impact on the aberrant biological processes associated with AML, and crucially, impact leukaemic stem cell survival. We describe six miRNAs in preclinical trials (miR-21, miR-29b, miR-126, miR-181a, miR-223 and miR-196b) and two miRNAs that are in clinical trials (miR-29 and miR-155). However none have been used to treat AML patients and greater efforts are needed to develop miRNA therapies that could benefit AML patients in the future.
Keyphrases
- long non coding rna
- cell proliferation
- acute myeloid leukemia
- long noncoding rna
- poor prognosis
- gene expression
- end stage renal disease
- clinical trial
- newly diagnosed
- ejection fraction
- allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation
- liver failure
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- dendritic cells
- bone marrow
- dna methylation
- stem cells
- respiratory failure
- signaling pathway
- intensive care unit
- drug induced
- oxidative stress
- binding protein
- mesenchymal stem cells
- high resolution
- open label
- pi k akt
- phase ii
- patient reported
- current status
- human health