The role of the prolactin receptor pathway in the pathogenesis of glioblastoma: what do we know so far?
Antonela Sofia AsadAlejandro Javier Nicola CandiaNazareno GonzálezCamila Florencia ZuccatoAdriana SeilicovichMarianela CandolfiPublished in: Expert opinion on therapeutic targets (2020)
Introduction: Prolactin (PRL) and its receptor (PRLR) have been associated with the development of hormone-dependent tumors and have been detected in glioblastoma (GBM) biopsies. GBM is the most common and aggressive primary brain tumor in adults and the prognosis for patients is dismal; hence researchers are exploring the PRLR pathway as a therapeutic target in this disease. Areas covered: This paper explores the effects of PRLR activation on the biology of GBM, the correlation between PRL and PRLR expression and GBM progression and survival in male and female patients. Finally, we discuss how a better understanding of the PRLR pathway may allow the development of novel treatments for GBM. Expert opinion: We propose PRL and PRLR as potential prognosis biomarkers and therapeutic targets in GBM. Local administration of PRLR inhibitors using gene therapy may offer a beneficial strategy for targeting GBM cells disseminated in the non-neoplastic brain; however, efficacy and safety require careful and extensive evaluation. The data depicted herein underline the need to (i) improve our understanding of sexual dimorphism in GBM, and (ii) develop accurate preclinical models that take into consideration different hormonal contexts, specific genetic alterations, and tumor grades.
Keyphrases
- end stage renal disease
- newly diagnosed
- chronic kidney disease
- gene therapy
- ejection fraction
- prognostic factors
- peritoneal dialysis
- poor prognosis
- patient reported outcomes
- stem cells
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- climate change
- adipose tissue
- mass spectrometry
- high resolution
- drug delivery
- white matter
- brain injury
- clinical practice
- induced apoptosis
- long non coding rna
- big data
- resting state
- data analysis
- cell cycle arrest
- human health
- clinical evaluation