Keplerate polyoxometalate compounds: a multifunctional nano-platform for advanced materials.

Polyoxometalates (POMs) are robust, discrete, and structurally well-defined metal-oxide cluster anions that have stimulated research in broad fields of science. Keplerates, as porous giant POMs, serve as a multifunctional nano-platform exhibiting fascinating chemical properties stemming from the porous molecular structure, substantial interior space, delocalization of d-electrons over the large molecular surface, etc . Consequently, Keplerates have attracted significant attention from scientists in the fields of chemistry, physics, biology, and materials sciences. This work reviews recent research progress on Keplerates as nanocontainers, catalysts, and battery materials. Furthermore, current challenges and potential future research directions are discussed, providing a reference for the development and effective application of Keplerates and Keplerate-based materials.