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Antibody responses to SARS-CoV-2 vaccines in 45,965 adults from the general population of the United Kingdom.

Jia WeiNicole E StoesserPhilippa C MatthewsDaniel AyoubkhaniRuth StudleyIain BellJohn I BellJohn N NewtonJeremy FarrarIan DiamondEmma RourkeAlison HowarthBrian D MarsdenSarah HoosdallyE Yvonne JonesDavid I StuartDerrick W CrookTim E A PetoKoen B PouwelsDavid W EyreA Sarah Walkernull null
Published in: Nature microbiology (2021)
We report that in a cohort of 45,965 adults, who were receiving either the ChAdOx1 or the BNT162b2 SARS-CoV-2 vaccines, in those who had no prior infection with SARS-CoV-2, seroconversion rates and quantitative antibody levels after a single dose were lower in older individuals, especially in those aged >60 years. Two vaccine doses achieved high responses across all ages. Antibody levels increased more slowly and to lower levels with a single dose of ChAdOx1 compared with a single dose of BNT162b2, but waned following a single dose of BNT162b2 in older individuals. In descriptive latent class models, we identified four responder subgroups, including a 'low responder' group that more commonly consisted of people aged >75 years, males and individuals with long-term health conditions. Given our findings, we propose that available vaccines should be prioritized for those not previously infected and that second doses should be prioritized for individuals aged >60 years. Further data are needed to better understand the extent to which quantitative antibody responses are associated with vaccine-mediated protection.
Keyphrases
  • sars cov
  • respiratory syndrome coronavirus
  • healthcare
  • public health
  • physical activity
  • high resolution
  • cross sectional
  • mental health
  • middle aged
  • risk assessment
  • community dwelling
  • health information
  • human health