Physiological Responses and Training Satisfaction During National Rollout of a Neurosurgical Intraoperative Catastrophe Simulator for Resident Training.

Incorporation of immersive neurosurgical simulation into the US national curriculum is logistically feasible and cost-effective for neurosurgical learners. Participant surveys and physiological data suggest that the simulation model recreates the situational physiological stress experienced during practice in the live clinical environment. Simulation may provide an opportunity to identify trainees with maladaptive responses to operative stress who could benefit from additional simulated exposure to mitigate stress impacts on performance.