Phase II trial of nivolumab and metformin in patients with treatment-refractory microsatellite stable metastatic colorectal cancer.
Mehmet AkceBatoul FarranJeffrey M SwitchenkoManali RupjiSandra KangLana KhalilAmanda Ruggieri-JoyceBrian OlsonWalid L ShaibChristina WuOlatunji B AleseMaria DiabGregory B LesinskiBassel F El-RayesPublished in: Journal for immunotherapy of cancer (2023)
Nivolumab and metformin were well tolerated in patients with MSS CRC but had no evidence of efficacy. Correlative studies did not reveal an appreciable degree of immune modulation from metformin alone, but showed trends in tumorous T-cell infiltration as a result of dual metformin and PD-1 blockade despite progression in a majority of patients.