Nano-medicine therapy reprogramming metabolic network of tumor microenvironment: new opportunity for cancer therapies.

Metabolic heterogeneity is one of the characteristics of tumor cells. In order to adapt to the tumor microenvironment of hypoxia, acidity and nutritional deficiency, tumor cells have undergone extensive metabolic reprogramming. Metabolites involved in tumor cell metabolism are also very different from normal cells, such as a large number of lactate and adenosine. Metabolites play an important role in regulating the whole tumor microenvironment. Taking metabolites as the target, it aims to change the metabolic pattern of tumor cells again, destroy the energy balance it maintains, activate the immune system, and finally kill tumor cells. In this paper, the regulatory effects of metabolites such as lactate, glutamine, arginine, tryptophan, fatty acids and adenosine were reviewed, and the related targeting strategies of nano-medicines were summarized, and the future therapeutic strategies of nano-drugs were discussed. The abnormality of tumor metabolites caused by tumor metabolic remodeling not only changes the energy and material supply of tumor, but also participates in the regulation of tumor-related signal pathways, which plays an important role in the survival, proliferation, invasion and metastasis of tumor cells. Regulating the availability of local metabolites is a new aspect that affects tumor progress.