Antibiotic-Resistant ESKAPE Pathogens and COVID-19: The Pandemic beyond the Pandemic.
Alessia CatalanoDomenico IacopettaJessica CeramellaMichele PellegrinoFederica GiuzioMaria MarraCamillo RosanoCarmela SaturninoMaria Stefania SinicropiStefano AquaroPublished in: Viruses (2023)
Antibacterial resistance is a renewed public health plague in modern times, and the COVID-19 pandemic has rekindled this problem. Changes in antibiotic prescribing behavior, misinformation, financial hardship, environmental impact, and governance gaps have generally enhanced the misuse and improper access to antibiotics during the COVID-19 pandemic. These determinants, intersected with antibacterial resistance in the current pandemic, may amplify the potential for a future antibacterial resistance pandemic. The occurrence of infections with multidrug-resistant (MDR), extensively drug-resistant (XDR), difficult-to-treat drug-resistant (DTR), carbapenem-resistant (CR), and pan-drug-resistant (PDR) bacteria is still increasing. The aim of this review is to highlight the state of the art of antibacterial resistance worldwide, focusing on the most important pathogens, namely Enterobacterales , Acinetobacter baumannii , and Klebsiella pneumoniae , and their resistance to the most common antibiotics.
Keyphrases
- drug resistant
- multidrug resistant
- acinetobacter baumannii
- gram negative
- klebsiella pneumoniae
- coronavirus disease
- sars cov
- public health
- silver nanoparticles
- primary care
- respiratory syndrome coronavirus
- emergency department
- escherichia coli
- anti inflammatory
- cystic fibrosis
- global health
- climate change
- electronic health record
- healthcare
- current status