Contraception During Perimenopause: Practical Guidance.
Giovanni GrandiPierluigi Di VinciAlice SgandurraLia FelicielloFrancesca MonariFabio FacchinettiPublished in: International journal of women's health (2022)
Climacteric is by no means in itself a contraindication to safe contraception. On the contrary, there are several conditions related to the perimenopause that could benefit from the use of modern contraceptives, mainly hormonal, with the goals of avoiding unintended pregnancies and giving further possible benefits beyond contraception (menstrual cycle control, a reduction of vasomotor symptoms and menstrual migraines, a protection against bone loss, a positive oncological risk/benefit balance). This narrative review aims to provide practical guidance on their possible use in this particular life stage, both short- and long-acting reversible contraceptives, and to assist clinicians for women transitioning from contraception to their menopausal years, including the possible initiation of postmenopausal hormone therapy. Comprehensive contraceptive counselling is an essential aspect of the overall health and wellbeing of women and should be addressed with each such patient irrespective of age.
Keyphrases
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- bone loss
- pregnancy outcomes
- breast cancer risk
- healthcare
- public health
- insulin resistance
- palliative care
- case report
- bone mineral density
- prostate cancer
- preterm birth
- type diabetes
- rectal cancer
- smoking cessation
- stem cells
- risk assessment
- radical prostatectomy
- metabolic syndrome
- social media
- global health
- physical activity
- climate change
- skeletal muscle
- hepatitis c virus
- health promotion
- drug induced