The Key Role of Peroxisomes in Follicular Growth, Oocyte Maturation, Ovulation, and Steroid Biosynthesis.
Shan WangHaoXuan YangYonglun FuXiaoming TengChi Chiu WangWen-Ming XuPublished in: Oxidative medicine and cellular longevity (2022)
The absence of peroxisomes can cause disease in the human reproductive system, including the ovaries. The available peroxisomal gene-knockout female mouse models, which exhibit pathological changes in the ovary and reduced fertility, are listed in this review. Our review article provides the first systematic presentation of peroxisomal regulation and its possible functions in the ovary. Our immunofluorescence results reveal that peroxisomes are present in all cell types in the ovary; however, peroxisomes exhibit different numerical abundances and strong heterogeneity in their protein composition among distinct ovarian cell types. The peroxisomal compartment is strongly altered during follicular development and during oocyte maturation, which suggests that peroxisomes play protective roles in oocytes against oxidative stress and lipotoxicity during ovulation and in the survival of oocytes before conception. In addition, the peroxisomal compartment is involved in steroid synthesis, and peroxisomal dysfunction leads to disorder in the sexual hormone production process. However, an understanding of the cellular and molecular mechanisms underlying these physiological and pathological processes is lacking. To date, no effective treatment for peroxisome-related disease has been developed, and only supportive methods are available. Thus, further investigation is needed to resolve peroxisome deficiency in the ovary and eventually promote female fertility.
Keyphrases
- single cell
- oxidative stress
- cell therapy
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- endothelial cells
- mouse model
- dna damage
- mental health
- stem cells
- metabolic syndrome
- adipose tissue
- childhood cancer
- dna methylation
- skeletal muscle
- case report
- transcription factor
- diabetic rats
- heat stress
- combination therapy
- binding protein
- single molecule
- pluripotent stem cells