Long Chain Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Protects Against Adriamycin and Cyclophosphamide Chemotherapy-Induced Bone Marrow Damage in Female Rats.
Chia-Ming FanYu-Wen SuPeter R C HoweCory J XianPublished in: International journal of molecular sciences (2018)
Although bone marrow and bone toxicities have been reported in breast cancer survivors, preventative strategies are yet to be developed. Clinical studies suggest consumption of long chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (LCn3PUFA) can attenuate age-related bone loss, and recent animal studies also revealed benefits of LCn3PUFA in alleviating bone marrow and bone toxicities associated with methotrexate chemotherapy. Using a female rat model for one of the most commonly used anthracycline-containing breast cancer chemotherapy regimens (adriamycin + cyclophosphamide) (AC) chemotherapy, this study investigated potential effects of daily LCn3PUFA consumption in preserving bone marrow and bone microenvironment during chemotherapy. AC treatment for four cycles significantly reduced bone marrow cellularity and increased marrow adipocyte contents. It increased trabecular bone separation but no obvious changes in bone volume or bone cell densities. LCn3PUFA supplementation (375 mg/100 g/day) attenuated AC-induced bone marrow cell depletion and marrow adiposity. It also partially attenuated AC-induced increases in trabecular bone separation and the cell sizes and nuclear numbers of osteoclasts formed ex vivo from bone marrow cells isolated from AC-treated rats. This study suggests that LCn3PUFA supplementation may have beneficial effects in preventing bone marrow damage and partially protecting the bone during AC cancer chemotherapy.
Keyphrases
- bone marrow
- bone loss
- bone mineral density
- mesenchymal stem cells
- fatty acid
- postmenopausal women
- soft tissue
- chemotherapy induced
- single cell
- cell therapy
- stem cells
- low dose
- oxidative stress
- body composition
- high dose
- insulin resistance
- mass spectrometry
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- cell death
- squamous cell carcinoma
- physical activity
- radiation therapy
- climate change
- adipose tissue
- cell proliferation
- induced apoptosis
- combination therapy
- cell cycle arrest
- liquid chromatography
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- smoking cessation
- lymph node metastasis
- atomic force microscopy