The effects of 14-week betaine supplementation on endocrine markers, body composition and anthropometrics in professional youth soccer players: a double blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.

Hadi NobariMehdi KargarfardVazgen MinasianJason Michael CholewaJorge Pérez-Gómez

Published in: Journal of the International Society of Sports Nutrition (2021)

Betaine supplementation increased testosterone levels and T/C ratio in youth professional soccer players during a competitive season. Betaine supplementation had no negative effects on growth (height and weight) and may attenuate reductions in testosterone due to intense training during puberty.

Keyphrases

body composition
double blind
physical activity
body mass index
resistance training
mental health
placebo controlled
bone mineral density
replacement therapy
young adults
open label
randomized controlled trial
phase ii
study protocol
postmenopausal women
virtual reality
smoking cessation
body weight