Comparison of the effects of electronic cigarette vapours and tobacco smoke extracts on human neutrophils in vitro .
Guy A RichardsAnnette J TheronIman van den BoutRonald AndersonCharles FeldmanRichard Nellis van Zyl-SmitJu-Wei ChangGregory R TintingerPublished in: ERJ open research (2023)
, these harmful immunosuppressive effects of ECEs may compromise intrinsic pulmonary antimicrobial defence mechanisms, albeit less so than cigarette smoke.