Engineering of Portable Smartphone Integrated with Liposome-Encapsulated Curcumin for Onsite Visual Ratiometric Fluorescence Imaging of Hypochlorite.

Precisely onsite monitoring of hypochlorite (ClO - ) is of great significance to guide its rational use, reducing/avoiding its potential threat toward food safety and human health. Considering ClO - could quench fluorescence of curcumin (CCM) by oxidizing the o-methoxyphenol of CCM into benzoquinone, a portable ratiometric fluorescence sensor integrated with smartphone was designed for realizing the visual point-of-care testing (POCT) of ClO - . The amphiphilic phospholipid polymer was used as carrier to wrap curcumin, forming a novel liposome-encapsulated CCM, which provided a scaffold to bind with [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ through electrostatic interaction, thus assembling [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ -functionalized liposome-encapsulated CCM ([Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ @CCM-NPs). Further integrated with smartphone, visual imaging of [Ru(bpy) 3 ] 2+ @CCM-NPs could be achieved and the accurate onsite detection of ClO - could be realized with a detection limit of 66.31 nM and a linear range of 0.2210 to 80.0 μM. In addition, the sensor could monitor ClO - in real samples with an onsite detection time of ∼154.0 s.