Polyphenols and IUGR Pregnancies: Effects of Maternal Hydroxytyrosol Supplementation on Postnatal Growth, Metabolism and Body Composition of the Offspring.
Marta Vázquez-GómezAna Heras-MolinaConsolacion Garcia-ContrerasJosé Luis Pesantez-PachecoLaura Torres-RoviraBeatriz Martinez-FernandezJorge GonzalezTeresa EncinasSusana AstizCristina ÓviloBeatriz IsabelAntonio González-BulnesPublished in: Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) (2019)
Maternal supplementation with the polyphenol hydroxytyrosol in a swine model of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) improves the fetal oxidative status, decreases the appearance of low birth-weight neonates and favors growth during early postnatal stages (lactation). The current study aimed to determine whether hydroxytyrosol supplementation can also improve developmental patterns, metabolic traits, and body composition of the offspring during later postnatal stages (from weaning to adulthood). A total of 21 piglets born from control untreated sows and 20 piglets born from sows treated with hydroxytyrosol during the last two-thirds of pregnancy were selected on the basis of similar body weights at weaning, for avoiding any interfering effects occurred during lactation. The pigs in the treated group had higher average daily weight gain (ADWG) and, therefore, reached higher body weight and corpulence, greater muscle development and higher adiposity than their control counterparts. The following were not found: significant effects on metabolism and body composition except changes in the muscular fatty acid composition of the treated pigs coming from the largest litters; those more affected by IUGR processes. These findings suggest that maternal supplementation with hydroxytyrosol may improve juvenile development of offspring in at-risk pregnancies and pave the way for more specific studies aiming to elucidate effects on adiposity, metabolism, and meat organoleptic characteristics.
Keyphrases
- body composition
- low birth weight
- birth weight
- preterm birth
- human milk
- gestational age
- preterm infants
- weight gain
- resistance training
- pregnancy outcomes
- body weight
- high fat diet
- bone mineral density
- body mass index
- fatty acid
- pregnant women
- insulin resistance
- mechanical ventilation
- depressive symptoms
- dairy cows
- physical activity
- type diabetes
- weight loss
- genome wide
- gene expression
- adipose tissue
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- postmenopausal women