Diaph3 underlines tumor cell heterogeneity in glioblastoma with implications for treatment modalities resistance.

The different expression pattern of Diaph3 in healthy controls, reactive gliosis and GBM shows promise as a clinical differentiating marker. Despite Diaph3 expression not correlating with survival and tumor size in GBM, there is an accumulating body of evidence that Diaph3 correlates with mTOR activity and can thus be used as a predictor for response to rapamycin and taxanes, clinical studies of which have shown promising, if mixed results in GBM.