Three New Species of Gongronella ( Cunninghamellaceae , Mucorales ) from Soil in Hainan, China Based on Morphology and Molecular Phylogeny.

The genus Gongronella is important in agriculture and industry by secreting various natural bioactive metabolites such as chitosanases and organic acids. During the most recent 8 years, a total of 14 new species have been described, remarkably enriching the diversity of this genus. In this study, we added three more new species to this valuable genus, based on a combination of morphological traits and phylogenetic information. Six strains of the genus Gongronella were isolated from soil collected in Hainan Province, China. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and LSU rDNA sequences grouped these strains into three independent clades. According to their unique morphological characteristics, they were classified as G. multiramosa sp. nov., G. qichaensis sp. nov. and G. oleae sp. nov. The G. multiramosa was characterized by multiple branched sporangiophores and was closely related to G. pedratalhadensis . The G. qichaensis was characterized by obscure collars and closely related to G. butleri , G. hydei and G. banzhaoae . The G. oleae was characterized by the presence of oil droplets in the sporangiospores and was closely related to G. chlamydospora and G. multispora . Their descriptions and illustrations were provided, and their differences from morphological allies and phylogenetic-related species are discussed.