Antibody-Dependent NK Cell Activation Differentially Targets EBV-Infected Cells in Lytic Cycle and Bystander B Lymphocytes Bound to Viral Antigen-Containing Particles.
María López-MontañésElisenda Alari-PahissaJordi SintesJosé E Martínez-RodríguezAura MuntasellMiguel López-BotetPublished in: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) (2017)
NK cells have been reported to respond against EBV-infected B cells in the lytic cycle and to control the viral infection involving IFN-γ secretion. Early reports proposed a role for NK cell Ab-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) triggered via FcγR-IIIA (CD16) in the response to EBV. In the current study, we revisited this issue, showing that serum from EBV+ individuals triggered vigorous NK cell degranulation and cytokine production (i.e., TNF-α and IFN-γ) against EBV-infected cells, enhancing NK cell activation. The effect was preferentially directed against cells in the lytic phase and was associated with surface expression of the gp350/220 envelope Ag. In contrast, binding of gp350+ particles, released by EBV-infected cells, to B cell lines or autologous primary B lymphocytes also promoted specific Ab-dependent NK cell degranulation and TNF-α production but induced minimal IFN-γ secretion. In that case, target cell damage appeared marginal compared with the effect of a control anti-CD20 Ab (rituximab) at concentrations that triggered similar NK cell activation, indicating that cell-associated gp350+ particles may divert the cytolytic machinery, impairing its direct action on the plasma membrane. These observations support that Ab-dependent NK cell activation plays an important role in the control of EBV, enhancing NK cell effector functions against infected B cells in the lytic cycle. In contrast, the data reveal that gp350+ particles bound to bystander B cells trigger Ab-dependent NK cell degranulation and TNF-α but not cytotoxicity or IFN-γ production, potentially favoring the progression of viral infection.
Keyphrases
- nk cells
- epstein barr virus
- induced apoptosis
- diffuse large b cell lymphoma
- cell cycle arrest
- dendritic cells
- rheumatoid arthritis
- cell therapy
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- single cell
- stem cells
- physical activity
- poor prognosis
- emergency department
- magnetic resonance imaging
- computed tomography
- signaling pathway
- dna methylation
- sars cov
- cell proliferation
- genome wide
- peripheral blood
- quantum dots
- contrast enhanced