Prenylated Flavonoids from the Roots and Rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis and Their Effects on the Expression of Inflammatory Mediators and Proprotein Convertase Subtilisin/Kexin Type 9.
Jongmin AhnYoung-Mi KimHee-Sung ChaeYoung Hee ChoiHee-Chul AhnHunseung YooMinseok KangJinwoong KimYoung Won ChinPublished in: Journal of natural products (2019)
Seven new prenylated flavonoids (1-7) and one new prenylated phenylpropiophenone (8) were isolated from roots and rhizomes of Sophora tonkinensis, along with nine known compounds (9-17). The structures 1-8 were elucidated by spectroscopic data analysis and comparison with reported values. Compounds 8 and 12 (7-methoxyebenosin) showed inhibitory activities against nitric oxide production in lipopolysaccharide-induced RAW264.7 cells, with IC50 values of 8.1 and 6.2 μM, respectively. They also significantly lowered expression of CSF2, TNF, and IL-1β. Lonchocarpol A (10) and erybraedin D (16) at concentrations of 20 μM downregulated proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) mRNA expression in HepG2 cells. Moreover, erybraedin D (16) inhibited PCSK9 protein synthesis (IC50 7.8 μM), while simultaneously activating AMP-activated protein kinase and acetyl-CoA carboxylase.
Keyphrases
- low density lipoprotein
- lipopolysaccharide induced
- data analysis
- protein kinase
- poor prognosis
- nitric oxide
- inflammatory response
- induced apoptosis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- binding protein
- oxidative stress
- signaling pathway
- high resolution
- hydrogen peroxide
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell proliferation
- nitric oxide synthase
- cell death
- clinical evaluation
- mass spectrometry