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Direct access valve-in-valve implantation for management of complex valvulopathy.

Alexander P KossarMichael BorgerIsaac George
Published in: Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions (2019)
The management of bioprosthetic structural valve degeneration requires complex surgical or transcatheter re-intervention for which many high-risk patients are not considered candidates. Here, we describe a technique for a direct surgical access valve-in-valve implantation in patients with complex bioprosthetic valvulopathy for whom standard surgical valve replacement and percutaneous interventions were high-risk and contraindicated, respectively.
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