The Adverse Impact of Incense Smoke on Human Health: From Mechanisms to Implications.
Chiang-Wen LeeThi Thuy Tien VoYinshen WeeYao-Chang ChiangMiao-Ching ChiMin-Li ChenLee-Fen HsuMei-Ling FangKuan-Han LeeSu-Er GuoHsin-Chung ChengI-Ta LeePublished in: Journal of inflammation research (2021)
Incense burning is a very popular activity in daily life among many parts all over the world. A growing body of both epidemiological and experimental evidences has reported the negative effects of incense use on human well-being, posing a potential threat at public significance. This work is a comprehensive review that covers the latest findings regarding the adverse impact of incense smoke on our health, providing a panoramic visualization ranging from mechanisms to implications. The toxicities of incense smoke come directly from its harmful constituents and deposition capacity in the body. Besides, reactive oxygen species-driven oxidative stress and associated inflammation seem to be plausible underlying mechanisms, eliciting various unfavorable responses. Although our current knowledge remains many gaps, this issue still has some important implications.
Keyphrases
- human health
- oxidative stress
- risk assessment
- healthcare
- reactive oxygen species
- climate change
- endothelial cells
- mental health
- dna damage
- emergency department
- health information
- induced apoptosis
- social media
- pluripotent stem cells
- signaling pathway
- heat stress
- electron microscopy
- drug induced
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cone beam computed tomography