SBDS R126T rescues survival of sbds -/- zebrafish in a dose-dependent manner independently of Tp53.

Defects in ribosomal biogenesis profoundly affect organismal development and cellular function, and these ribosomopathies produce a variety of phenotypes. One ribosomopathy, Shwachman-Diamond syndrome (SDS) is characterized by neutropenia, pancreatic exocrine insufficiency, and skeletal anomalies. SDS results from biallelic mutations in SBDS , which encodes a ribosome assembly factor. Some individuals express a missense mutation, SBDS R126T , along with the common K62X mutation. We reported that the sbds -null zebrafish phenocopies much of SDS. We further showed activation of Tp53-dependent pathways before the fish died during the larval stage. Here, we expressed SBDS R126T as a transgene in the sbds -/- background. We showed that one copy of the SBDS R126T transgene permitted the establishment of maternal zygotic sbds -null fish which produced defective embryos with cdkn1a up-regulation, a Tp53 target involved in cell cycle arrest. None survived beyond 3 dpf. However, two copies of the transgene resulted in normal development and lifespan. Surprisingly, neutropenia persisted. The surviving fish displayed suppression of female sex differentiation, a stress response in zebrafish. To evaluate the role of Tp53 in the pathogenesis of sbds -/- fish phenotype, we bred the fish with a DNA binding deficient allele, tp53 M214K Expression of the loss-of-function tp53 M214K did not rescue neutropenia or survival in sbds -null zebrafish. Increased expression of cdkn1a was abrogated in the tp53 M214K/M214K ;sbds -/- fish. We conclude that the amount of SBDS R126T protein is important for development, inactivation of Tp53 fails to rescue neutropenia or survival in the sbds -null background, and cdkn1a up-regulation was dependent on WT tp53 We hypothesize that additional pathways are involved in the pathophysiology of SDS.