Dexamethasone dosing for prevention of acute chemotherapy-induced vomiting in pediatric patients: A systematic review.
Priya PatelAna OlteanuSandra CabralNancy SantessoPaula D RobinsonL Lee DupuisPublished in: Pediatric blood & cancer (2020)
A systematic review was undertaken to describe dexamethasone doses studied for chemotherapy-induced vomiting (CIV) prophylaxis in pediatric patients and their effects on achieving complete acute CIV control. No dose-finding studies were identified. However, 16 studies assessing pediatric patients who received dexamethasone were included and classified according to the emetogenicity of chemotherapy administered. Eight different total daily dexamethasone doses were administered to patients on day 1 of highly emetogenic chemotherapy: three in conjunction with aprepitant/fosaprepitant plus a 5HT3 antagonist and five in conjunction with a 5HT3 antagonist. Five different total daily dexamethasone doses were administered in conjunction with a 5HT3 antagonist to patients on day 1 of moderately emetogenic chemotherapy. Due to the heterogeneity of studies identified, meta-analysis was not possible. The optimal dexamethasone dose to control acute CIV and to minimize harms in pediatric patients remains uncertain. This is a key area for future research.
Keyphrases
- chemotherapy induced
- low dose
- high dose
- liver failure
- end stage renal disease
- systematic review
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- case control
- respiratory failure
- randomized controlled trial
- squamous cell carcinoma
- aortic dissection
- locally advanced
- young adults
- patient reported outcomes
- radiation therapy
- single cell
- meta analyses
- patient reported
- acute respiratory distress syndrome
- rectal cancer