Preventing Diabetes and Atherosclerosis in the Cardiometabolic Syndrome.
Muhammad Imtiaz AhmadMichael D ShapiroPublished in: Current atherosclerosis reports (2021)
Recent cardiovascular outcome trials demonstrated that newer glucose-lowering medications reduce cardiovascular and renal events in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These medications should be considered in patients with T2DM and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). These novel drugs may also play a role in primary prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and renal disease in high-risk patients without T2DM. To manage dyslipidemia associated with cardiometabolic syndrome, in addition to lifestyle interventions and statin therapy, ezetimibe, and proprotein convertase subtilisin/Kexin type 9 (PCSK9), inhibitors can be used to reduce the risk of major adverse cardiovascular outcomes (MACE) especially in patients with T2DM and coronary artery disease (CAD). The residual risk of MACE in such a high-risk population can be further mitigated by treatment with an omega-3 fatty acid such as icosapent ethyl. Lifestyle modifications and the use of proven pharmacological therapies are essential for the prevention and progression of diabetes and ASCVD in those with the cardiometabolic syndrome.
Keyphrases
- cardiovascular disease
- coronary artery disease
- glycemic control
- type diabetes
- cardiovascular events
- end stage renal disease
- fatty acid
- cardiovascular risk factors
- case report
- physical activity
- chronic kidney disease
- low density lipoprotein
- ejection fraction
- metabolic syndrome
- percutaneous coronary intervention
- emergency department
- blood glucose
- weight loss
- stem cells
- transcatheter aortic valve replacement
- atrial fibrillation
- blood pressure
- patient reported
- ionic liquid
- patient reported outcomes