The global immune-nutrition-inflammation index (GINI) as a robust prognostic factor in glioblastoma patients treated with the standard stupp protocol.

High pretreatment GINI values are robustly and independently associated with inferior PFS and OS outcomes in selected GBM patients who receive standard Stupp protocol. These findings suggest that if further confirmed, the novel GINI could serve as a valuable biological marker for the prognostic stratification of GBM patients.