Clinical Evidence of Low-Carbohydrate Diets against Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus.
Eleni PavlidouSouzana K PapadopoulouAristeidis FasoulasMaria MantzorouConstantinos GiaginisPublished in: Metabolites (2023)
The popularity of low-carbohydrate diets (LCDs) in the last few decades has motivated several research studies on their role in a variety of metabolic and non-morbid conditions. The available data of the results of these studies are put under the research perspective of the present literature review of clinical studies in search of the effects of LCDs on Obesity and Diabetes Mellitus. The electronic literature search was performed in the databases PubMed, Cochrane, and Embase. The literature search found seven studies that met the review's inclusion and exclusion criteria out of a total of 2637 studies. The included studies involved randomized controlled trials of at least 12 weeks' duration, in subjects with BMI ≥ 25 kg/m 2 , with dietary interventions. The results of the study on the effects of LCDs on obesity showed their effectiveness in reducing Body Mass Index and total body fat mass. In addition, LCDs appear to cause drops in blood pressure, low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and triglycerides, and seem to improve high-density lipoprotein (HDL) values. Regarding the effectiveness of LCDs in Diabetes Mellitus, their effect on reducing insulin resistance and fasting blood glucose and HbA1c values are supported. In conclusion, the results suggest the critical role of LCDs to improve the health of people affected by obesity or diabetes.
Keyphrases
- insulin resistance
- glycemic control
- weight loss
- blood glucose
- type diabetes
- metabolic syndrome
- high fat diet induced
- systematic review
- high density
- randomized controlled trial
- low density lipoprotein
- case control
- blood pressure
- weight gain
- adipose tissue
- bariatric surgery
- high fat diet
- skeletal muscle
- polycystic ovary syndrome
- public health
- body mass index
- cardiovascular disease
- mental health
- big data
- physical activity
- case report
- risk assessment
- health information
- obese patients