Hypoxia-Inducible Factor α Subunits Regulate Tie2-Expressing Macrophages That Influence Tumor Oxygen and Perfusion in Murine Breast Cancer.
Kayla J SteinbergerMary A ForgetAndrey A BobkoNicole E MihalikMarieta GenchevaJulie M RodaSara L ColeXiaokui MoE Hannah HoblitzellRandall EvansAmy C GrossLeni MoldovanClay B MarshValery V KhramstovTimothy D EubankPublished in: Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) (2020)
Tie2-expressing monocytes/macrophages (TEMs) are a distinct subset of proangiogenic monocytes selectively recruited to tumors in breast cancer. Because of the hypoxic nature of solid tumors, we investigated if oxygen, via hypoxia-inducible transcription factors HIF-1α and HIF-2α, regulates TEM function in the hypoxic tumor microenvironment. We orthotopically implanted PyMT breast tumor cells into the mammary fat pads of syngeneic LysMcre, HIF-1α fl/fl /LysMcre, or HIF-2α fl/fl /LysMcre mice and evaluated the tumor TEM population. There was no difference in the percentage of tumor macrophages among the mouse groups. In contrast, HIF-1α fl/fl /LysMcre mice had a significantly smaller percentage of tumor TEMs compared with control and HIF-2α fl/fl /LysMcre mice. Proangiogenic TEMs in macrophage HIF-2α-deficient tumors presented significantly more CD31+ microvessel density but exacerbated hypoxia and tissue necrosis. Reduced numbers of proangiogenic TEMs in macrophage HIF-1α-deficient tumors presented significantly less microvessel density but tumor vessels that were more functional as lectin injection revealed more perfusion, and functional electron paramagnetic resonance analysis revealed more oxygen in those tumors. Macrophage HIF-1α-deficient tumors also responded significantly to chemotherapy. These data introduce a previously undescribed and counterintuitive prohypoxia role for proangiogenic TEMs in breast cancer which is, in part, suppressed by HIF-2α.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- adipose tissue
- transcription factor
- magnetic resonance
- dendritic cells
- computed tomography
- young adults
- squamous cell carcinoma
- type diabetes
- high fat diet induced
- contrast enhanced
- radiation therapy
- magnetic resonance imaging
- high resolution
- fatty acid
- deep learning
- mass spectrometry
- dna binding
- ultrasound guided