Cost-effectiveness analysis of pembrolizumab in patients with treatment-refractory metastatic colorectal cancer in Japan.

Pembrolizumab monotherapy is not a cost-effective option in late-line treatment for patients with metastatic colorectal cancer and microsatellite-instability-high/mismatch repair-deficient mutation in the Japanese healthcare system. Further studies on its cost-effectiveness in first-line treatment are warranted.