Incidence, prevalence and risk factors of device related pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit: A meta-analysis of 10,084 patients from 11 countries.

Device related pressure injuries (DRPIs) prevail in the intensive care unit (ICU) and have much to do with medical devices and patients' conditions. This meta-analysis aims to systematically assess the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors related to DRPIs among adults in ICU. Web of Science, Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, PubMed, and CINAHL were searched from inception to March 2023. Observational studies were included, and the Newcastle-Ottawa scale (NOS) was used to assess literature quality. The primary outcomes were the incidence, prevalence, and risk factors regarding DRPIs among adults in ICU. The 19 studies conformed to the criteria for inclusion in the review. The estimated pooled incidence of DRPIs was 14.7% (95%CI: 9.7-19.6%) in 10 studies (4,866 participants). The estimated pooled prevalence of DRPIs was 19.0% (95%CI: 13.6-24.3%) in 9 studies (5,218 participants). The most significant risk factor for DRPIs was using mechanical ventilation. The pooled analysis of the 4 studies showed that DRPIs were more likely to occur in patients who required mechanical ventilation compared to patients who did not use mechanical ventilation (OR:9.67, 95%CI:5.03-18.61, p < 0.001) and using vasopressors, age, length of ICU stays, APACHE II score, Braden score, fever, sex, oedema, diabetes, number of medical devices, SOFA score was also related to pressure injuries risk. The incidence and prevalence of DRPIs in adult ICU were high, and the most significant risk factor for DRPIs was using mechanical ventilation. It is imminent to identify patients of increased risk with DRPIs early. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.