As an innate immune route of defense against microbial infringement, cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase (cGAS)- stimulator of interferon genes (STING) signaling does not simply participate in amplifying inflammatory responses via releasing type-I interferon (IFN) or enhance the expression of pro-inflammatory genes, but also interplays with multifarious pathophysiological activities, such as autophagy, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis, and senescence in a broad repertoire of cells like endothelial cells, macrophages and cardiomyocyte. Thus, the cGAS-STING pathway is closely linked with aberrant heart morphologically and functionally via these mechanisms. The past few decades have witnessed an increased interest in the exact relationship between the activation of the cGAS-STING pathway and the initiation or development of certain cardiovascular diseases (CVD). A group of scholars has gradually investigated the perturbation of myocardium affected by the overactivation or suppression of the cGAS-STING. This review focuses on how the cGAS-STING pathway interweaves with other pathways and creates a pattern of dysfunction associated with cardiac muscle. This sets treatments targeting the cGAS-STING pathway apart from traditional therapeutics for cardiomyopathy and achieves better clinical value.
Keyphrases
- endothelial cells
- cell death
- cardiovascular disease
- innate immune
- cell cycle arrest
- heart failure
- dendritic cells
- oxidative stress
- gene expression
- dna damage
- poor prognosis
- cell proliferation
- genome wide
- immune response
- cystic fibrosis
- coronary artery disease
- induced apoptosis
- atrial fibrillation
- molecular dynamics
- signaling pathway
- small molecule
- angiotensin ii
- binding protein
- nlrp inflammasome
- escherichia coli
- stress induced
- density functional theory