Bio-fabricated green silver nano-architecture for degradation of methylene blue water contaminant: A mini-review.

The advent of global industrialization advancements has proven to be both a blessing and a curse for humanity, with significant detrimental consequences on marine bodies, and methylene blue is one of the common offenders through textile industry runoffs. These dye runoffs are complex, neurotoxic, and carcinogenic and prevent sunlight from penetrating the water to hinder photosynthesis and increase the biological/biochemical oxygen demand (BOD), hence hampering the ontogenesis of photoautotrophic organisms and thus threatening marine life and causing an increase in unavailability and inaccessibility to healthy water for eco-fundamental networking. Traditional methods came into the limelight, but they are costly and inefficient. Amazingly, due to exceptional surface features, eco-friendliness, cost-effectiveness, catalytic efficiency, and antibacterial capabilities, biosynthesized nanoparticles emerged as a potential solution to these drawbacks encounter by the traditional approach. This review was based on a comprehensive review of publicly available literature (majorly 2019-2021 original research reports) using major scientific databases such as SciFinder, Scopus, PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. The keywords that were utilized to scoop up the scientific journals were as follows: dye degradation and decolorization, biosynthesis, methylene blue, silver nanoparticles, wastewater, and dye runoffs. Thus, this review highlights the green sources used for the bio-fabrication of silver nanoparticles, the current level of knowledge of biosynthesis mechanism, mechanism of degradation, and methylene blue dye degradation efficiency. PRACTITIONER POINTS: Bio-fabrication mechanism of green silver nano-architecture from plant, bacteria, fungi, and algae extract has been discussed. Various biological capping/reducing agents have been reported. Degradation efficiency of methylene blue dyes using silver nanoparticles has been discussed. Mechanism of degradation of methylene blue by green silver nanoparticles has been reported.