Protein synthesis signaling in skeletal muscle is refractory to whey protein ingestion during a severe energy deficit evoked by prolonged exercise and caloric restriction.
Marcos Martin-RinconIsmael Perez-SuarezAlberto Pérez-LópezJesús Gustavo Ponce-GonzálezDavid Morales-AlamoPedro de Pablos-VelascoHans-Christer HolmbergJose A L CalbetPublished in: International journal of obesity (2005) (2018)
During severe energy deficit, pSer9GSK3β levels are reduced and human skeletal muscle becomes refractory to the anabolic effects of whey protein ingestion, regardless of contractile activity. These effects are associated with the changes in lean mass and serum insulin, testosterone, and cortisol concentrations.
Keyphrases
- skeletal muscle
- insulin resistance
- endothelial cells
- type diabetes
- early onset
- protein protein
- amino acid
- high intensity
- signaling pathway
- physical activity
- metabolic syndrome
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- replacement therapy
- resistance training
- bone mineral density
- pluripotent stem cells
- smoking cessation
- weight loss