Differential gap location after radiofrequency versus cryoballoon pulmonary vein isolation: Insights from a randomized trial with protocol-mandated repeat procedure.

Although RF and CRYO produce similar proportions of durably isolated PVs, gap locations appear to develop in procedure-specific patterns. After RF, ipsilateral PV reconduction is more frequent and gap sites cluster by the carina, suggesting that this region should be selectively ablated for more durable PVI.