Obstetric risk factors for anorectal dysfunction after delivery: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Laura CattaniLiesbeth NeefsJan Y VerbakelJan BosteelsJan A Deprest

Published in: International urogynecology journal (2021)

Besides anal sphincter injury, forceps delivery, maternal obesity and advanced age were associated with higher odds of anal incontinence, whereas caesarean section is protective. We could not identify obstetric risk factors for postpartum constipation, as few prospective studies addressed this question and none used a standardised validated questionnaire.

Keyphrases

pregnant women
high grade
metabolic syndrome
insulin resistance
urinary incontinence
type diabetes
weight loss
weight gain
oxidative stress
birth weight
cross sectional
high fat diet induced
irritable bowel syndrome
adipose tissue
physical activity
patient reported