Neutral Sphingomyelinase Behaviour in Hippocampus Neuroinflammation of MPTP-Induced Mouse Model of Parkinson's Disease and in Embryonic Hippocampal Cells.
Samuela CataldiCataldo ArcuriStéphane HunotFrançois-Pierre LégeronCarmen MeccaMercedes Garcia-GilAndrea LazzariniMichela CodiniTommaso BeccariAnna TasegianBernard FiorettiGiovanna TrainaFrancesco Saverio Ambesi-ImpiombatoFrancesco CurcioElisabetta AlbiPublished in: Mediators of inflammation (2017)
Neutral sphingomyelinase is known to be implicated in growth arrest, differentiation, proliferation, and apoptosis. Although previous studies have reported the involvement of neutral sphingomyelinase in hippocampus physiopathology, its behavior in the hippocampus during Parkinson's disease remains undetected. In this study, we show an upregulation of inducible nitric oxide synthase and a downregulation of neutral sphingomyelinase in the hippocampus of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine- (MPTP-) induced mouse model of Parkinson's disease. Moreover, the stimulation of neutral sphingomyelinase activity with vitamin 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 reduces specifically saturated fatty acid sphingomyelin by making sphingomyelin a less rigid molecule that might influence neurite plasticity. The possible biological relevance of the increase of neutral sphingomyelinase in Parkinson's disease is discussed.
Keyphrases
- mouse model
- cerebral ischemia
- nitric oxide synthase
- signaling pathway
- cognitive impairment
- cell proliferation
- cell cycle arrest
- fatty acid
- oxidative stress
- induced apoptosis
- high glucose
- diabetic rats
- traumatic brain injury
- endoplasmic reticulum stress
- cell death
- prefrontal cortex
- blood brain barrier
- drug induced
- endothelial cells