A combination of omega-3 and exercise reduces experimental Achilles tendinopathy induced with a type-1 collagenase in rats.
Gulsah GundogduSeymanur Yilmaz TasciKoksal GundogduKubra Asena Terim KapakinAlper Kursat DemirkayaKemal Alp NalciMustafa GundogduAhmet HacımüftüoğluA M Abd El-AtyPublished in: Applied physiology, nutrition, and metabolism = Physiologie appliquee, nutrition et metabolisme (2022)
This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of omega-3 supplementation with exercise in a collagenase-induced Achilles tendinopathy (AT) rat model. Experimental groups (healthy control (HC), AT, exercise (Ex), omega-3 (W), and Ex+W) were randomly allocated. After a week of adaptation, oral omega-3 was initiated for 8 weeks (5 days/week). The exercise groups performed treadmill running for 30 min/day (5 days/week, 20 m/min, 8 weeks) following one week of adaptation (10 m/min, 15 min/day). Matrix metalloproteinase-13 (MMP-13), interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), and total antioxidant-oxidant status (TAS) levels were determined in serum samples. Tendon samples were obtained for biomechanical, histopathological, and immunohistochemical assessments. Ultimate tensile force, yield force, stiffness values, collagen type-I alpha 1 expression, and serum TAS significantly decreased ( P < 0.05) in AT vs. HC. These values and expression significantly increased in the Ex+W group vs. AT. Serum MMP-13, IL-1β, and TNF-α levels decreased in all treatment groups vs. AT. The most significant decrease was found in the Ex+W group ( P < 0.01). Histopathologically, the improvement in degeneration was statistically significant in the Ex+W group ( P < 0.05). Immunohistochemically, MMP-13, IL-1β, TNF-α, and nitric oxide synthase-2 expression was decreased in all treatment groups vs. AT. In conclusion, omega-3 and exercise might be recommended in AT patients.
Keyphrases
- high intensity
- poor prognosis
- rheumatoid arthritis
- physical activity
- resistance training
- nitric oxide synthase
- nitric oxide
- end stage renal disease
- oxidative stress
- high glucose
- ejection fraction
- newly diagnosed
- single molecule
- binding protein
- rotator cuff
- placebo controlled
- clinical trial
- cell migration
- combination therapy
- prognostic factors
- replacement therapy