Respiratory and Neurological Disease across Different Ethnic Groups Is Influenced by the Microbiome.
Odiase PeaceKartik RachakondaMiller KressFernando VillaltaGirish RachakondaPublished in: Microorganisms (2021)
Acute and chronic upper respiratory illnesses such as asthma, and allergic rhinitis (AR) have been linked to the presence of microorganisms in the nose. Microorganisms can exist in symbiotic or commensal relationships with the human body. However, in certain cases, opportunistic pathogens can take over, leading to altered states (dysbiosis) and causing disease. Thus, the microflora present in a host can be useful to reflect health status. The human body contains 10 trillion to 100 trillion microorganisms. Of these populations, certain pathogens have been identified to promote or undermine wellbeing. Therefore, knowledge of the microbiome is potentially helpful as a diagnostic tool for many diseases. Variations have been recognized in the types of microbes that inhabit various populations based on geography, diet, and lifestyle choices and various microbiota have been shown to modulate immune responses in allergic disease. Interestingly, the diseases affected by these changes are prevalent in certain racial or ethnic populations. These prevalent microbiome variations in these groups suggest that the presence of these microorganisms may be significantly associated with health disparities. We review current research in the search for correlations between ethnic diversity, microbiome communities in the nasal cavity and health outcomes in neurological and respiratory functions.
Keyphrases
- allergic rhinitis
- endothelial cells
- immune response
- healthcare
- physical activity
- induced pluripotent stem cells
- liver failure
- chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
- mental health
- cardiovascular disease
- weight loss
- metabolic syndrome
- antimicrobial resistance
- pluripotent stem cells
- genetic diversity
- gram negative
- type diabetes
- toll like receptor
- air pollution
- drug induced
- inflammatory response
- respiratory failure
- intensive care unit
- african american
- hepatitis b virus
- health insurance
- affordable care act