Severe neurological nicotine intoxication by e-cigarette liquids: Systematic literature review.
Maenia ScarpinoTiziana RossoGiovanni LanzoFrancesco LolliManuela BonizzoliChiara LazzeriGuido MannaioniRoberto BarontiFrancesco FattappostaAntonello GrippoPublished in: Acta neurologica Scandinavica (2020)
Electronic cigarettes are a popular, easily purchased, alternative source of nicotine that is considered safer than conventional tobacco. However, Intentional or accidental exposure to e-liquid substances, mainly nicotine, can lead to serious, potentially fatal toxicity. Emergency and critical care physicians should keep in mind acute intoxication of this poison with a biphasic toxic syndrome. We highlight its potentially fatal outcome and suggest monitoring the adverse effects of nicotine according to a multimodal protocol integrating somatosensory evoked potentials, electroencephalography and neuroimaging data with anamnestic report and toxicological and laboratory data.
Keyphrases
- smoking cessation
- replacement therapy
- electronic health record
- case report
- big data
- public health
- randomized controlled trial
- liver failure
- healthcare
- drug induced
- drinking water
- oxidative stress
- ionic liquid
- early onset
- machine learning
- respiratory failure
- working memory
- deep learning
- cerebral ischemia
- blood brain barrier
- adverse drug
- transcranial direct current stimulation