Swimming Improves Memory and Antioxidant Defense in an Animal Model of Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy.
Priscila Mantovani NocettiAdriano AlbertiViviane FreibergerLetícia VenturaLeoberto Ricardo GrigolloCristina Salar AndreauRudy José Nodari JúniorDaniel Fernandes MartinsClarissa M ComimPublished in: Molecular neurobiology (2021)
Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a genetic disease associated with progressive skeletal muscle degeneration. In humans, DMD has an early onset, causes developmental delays, and is a devastating disease that drastically diminishes the quality of life of young individuals affected. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of a swimming protocol on memory and oxidative stress in an animal model of DMD. Male mdx and wild-type mice aged ≥ 28 days were used in this study. The animals were trained for a stepped swimming protocol for four consecutive weeks. The swimming protocol significantly reduced the levels of lipid peroxidation and protein carbonylation in the gastrocnemius, hippocampus, and striatum in the exercised animals. It also prevented lipid peroxidation in the diaphragm. Moreover, it increased the free thiol levels in the gastrocnemius, the diaphragm, and all central nervous system structures. The results showed that the protocol that applied swimming as a low-intensity aerobic exercise for 4 weeks prevented aversive memory and habituation in mdx mice.
Keyphrases
- duchenne muscular dystrophy
- early onset
- wild type
- oxidative stress
- randomized controlled trial
- skeletal muscle
- muscular dystrophy
- working memory
- late onset
- multiple sclerosis
- mechanical ventilation
- high fat diet induced
- intensive care unit
- type diabetes
- dna damage
- adipose tissue
- genome wide
- high resolution
- body composition
- cognitive impairment
- copy number
- prefrontal cortex
- signaling pathway
- cerebrospinal fluid
- endoplasmic reticulum stress