Present and Future Research on Anal Squamous Cell Carcinoma.
Laurie SpehnerJihane BoustaniLuc CabelJérôme DoyenAngélique VienotChristophe BorgStefano KimPublished in: Cancers (2021)
Squamous cell carcinoma of the anus is an orphan disease, and after more than three decades of no substantial advances in disease knowledge and treatment, it is finally gaining momentum with the arrival of a taxane-based chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Currently, about 20 combination clinical trials with an anti-PD1/L1 are ongoing in localized and advanced stages, in association with radiotherapy, chemotherapy, tumor vaccines, anti-CTLA4, anti-EGFR, or antiangiogenic molecules. Moreover, a new biomarker with high sensitivity and specificity such as HPV circulating tumor DNA (HPV ctDNA) by liquid biopsy, is improving not only the prognostic measurement but also the treatment strategy guidance for this disease. Finally, better understanding of potential targets is reshaping the present and future clinical research in this unique, HPV genotype-16-related disease in the great majority of patients.
Keyphrases
- circulating tumor
- squamous cell carcinoma
- locally advanced
- clinical trial
- high grade
- end stage renal disease
- small cell lung cancer
- healthcare
- randomized controlled trial
- circulating tumor cells
- early stage
- ejection fraction
- chronic kidney disease
- rectal cancer
- peritoneal dialysis
- climate change
- risk assessment
- single molecule
- patient reported outcomes
- phase ii